CHAPTER 1 EARLY HISTORY OF (Occupation of Foreign Powers)

              

Introduction 

Term expansion of foreign powers in fact will only appear when at least two of the administration or the government with one of the power entering the administrative matters or to interfere, dominate the rulership of power again. Often, too, the expansion of power refers to the political aspects of the administration and not referring specifically to the aspects of trade because it involves a sovereign government of a country or state. 

Background expansionist foreign 

1. Malaya 

Often, the expansion of foreign powers in Malaya, often refers to the presence of Western powers such as the Portuguese, Dutch, British and Japanese. Expansion of power can occur either through conquest or through agreements signed. 

Since the early 16th century, Malacca was conquered by the Portuguese. This means that the capture of the Portuguese foreign domination of the administrative matters of the Malays as well as the introduction of some foreign elements have permeated into the culture of the Malays. 

The presence of the Dutch also have an impact on the Malay Peninsula. This authority replaces the power of the Portuguese but unlike the Portuguese, they only focus on economic matters. 

British foreign power which is the most powerful influence in matters of administration and all other aspects. At first, they only intended to carry out economic activities, but on the basis of priority with China, they began to change their policy of non-intervention to intervention. 

2 Sarawak 

Expansion of foreign powers in Sarawak more referring to the British, in which a former soldier of the English East India Company (SHTI), James Brooke was appointed by Pangeran Muda Hashim as the "King of Sarawak". Position is then passed to his son. When the hands Vyner Brooke, he had to hand over power to the people of Sarawak by the Supreme Council and the Council of State with the declaration of the Sarawak Constitution in 1941 Then, Sarawak fledged British colony in 1946. 

3 Sabah 

At first, American trade with Sabah through an agreement made ​​in 1850 through an agreement, C. Lee Moses got land leases from the Sultan of Brunei. Moses gave the land to William Torrey. He cultivated coffee but was not successful and the area was sold to Baron Von Overbeck and Alfred Dent. Company Overbeck and Dent later formed the British company to attract British palabur. Overbeck could not join this company because she was not a British citizen. Dent received a charter from the British, and a company named Company of North Borneo Chartered Company was founded in 1881. ruled Sabah until 1946 and then handed over to the British Government. 

Mekantilisme 

Mekantilisme is a policy in which wealth is measured by gold and silver and its main objective is to increase the quantity of money and precious minerals in the country. Within the meaning of Thomas, mekantilisme is a concept in which to make a country rich and powerful; get richer every year due to other countries. 

Prosperity meant by golongen mekantilisme is based on population, gainful employment for the whole population alone. 

  In short, a policy that emphasizes mekantilisme 3K of power, wealth and welfare. Wealth gained by mastering the colony and hold the balance of trade in favor of the mother country. Power is obtained by enlarging the armed forces, improve the shipping industry and provide shipping act that denies rights to trade in the colonies to foreign powers. Welfare of the people in the mother country was obtained by passing acts which could increase the country's productivity Apprentice Poor Law Act in 1563 and 1600 in England. 

imperialism 

Imperialism is a policy or action of a conquered country or power to impose its rule over other countries. As mekantilisme policy, imperialism is a form of colonialism but it is more obvious because it involves political power and rule directly claimed the sovereignty of a nation or state. In other words, the right to administer and control a group of people was taken over by another new power of the imperialist powers. We can also say that the imperial policy based on the concept of starting or mekantilisme. 

colonialism 

Colonialism is a policy to enforce or maintain power or rule over the state territory. In other words, colonialism means action colonize other countries. If you just put the imperialist power against a nation or government, colonialism was an act of interfering in the internal matters of state or government who have colonized it. This means that the concept of colonialism was an extension of the efforts of imperialism in the sense of strengthening the efforts of colonization.