Growth factors in the Malay Muslim
ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT FACTORS DIALAM MALAY Advances Islam began to grow in the Malay world in the 13th century AD. By the 15th century AD, Islam was able to extend its influence throughout the Malay close and end the influence of Hinduism and Buddhism that dominated the area since the 15th century AD. Developer-developer of Islam and spread Islam to the Malay world cultures have understood the problems faced by adherents of Islam in the area. Thinkers Malay culture and Islam has adapted various aspects of Malay culture Denga Islamic characteristics, so that the Malays were born civilization which show elements of universal Islam. With the benefits of a wholesome Islamic Malay civilization to create a dynamic community of the Malay world until forces formed a strong personality.But the strength of Western colonialism aided by modern technology can overcome and dominate the Islamic world.As a result, the Muslims left behind centuries of the current development of world civilization. Upon the Muslim world free from the shackles of colonialism then Muslims face a problem of culture time to adjust various aspects of the civilization that dominated their lives with religious spirit. This is a challenge that requires a concrete approach to show its benefits to attract the support of restoring power as promised by God in the Quran. Introduction of the Malay Malay World is an area also known as the 'Festival'. It refers to the countries of Southeast Asia, the islands of the Indonesian archipelago, Malaysia and the Philippines. The concept of the Malay world worn by UNESCO to take into account the entire Malay race Polonesia from Malagasy Islands to the west and east of Easter Island, Formosa Island, Hawaii in the north and the islands of Indonesia and New Zealand in the south. Alam Malays are known as the 'Pearl of the Orient'. Township lush with flora and fauna as well as the store of treasures ekenomi resources in the earth and the sea bottom. In persadanya various human ethnic groups live together. This makes the Malay world as the 'Garden Kesuma Wicitra' or 'Garden Variety Flowers' which expressed the philosophy of cultural diversity in a large Malay stock. From a historical perspective, the Malay civilization more than 5000 years old, taking into account Deutro Malay civilization that existed around 3000 years BC. Alam Malays also have their own kebudayaanya old building along with other world civilizations. In the development process, it goes through three main stages, namely: a) the civilization of Ancient or Pre-history (up to the 3rd century AD), b), namely from the arrival of Hindu Civilization Hindu influence (3rd century AD & Arab Gentiles, until the year 1200 AD ) c) Modern Civilization after the advent of Islam (1200 AD to present) FACTORS IN THE MALAY WORLD ISLAMIC DEVELOPMENT There are many factors that influence the spread of Islam in the Malay world. Among these factors are as follows: 1) Trade Many historians agree that the religion of Islam was introduced in the archipelago through trade. Role of Muslim merchants, especially in the early days of Islam in the archipelago of utmost importance. The traders from Arabia, India, and Persia have focused commercial activities in the region since the 8th century or the 9th again. While according to Chinese records, the Muslim traders already in Malay waters since the mid-7th century again. Among these items are pepper, spices, incense and camphor mainly. Specifically about camphor, it was considered as the cause that led the Arabs to the archipelago since the beginning. Actually, this stuff is not only required by the Arabs, but also Western ones. Islamic traders are believed to have set up their colonies in the Malay Peninsula Waters and Sumatra to conduct commercial activities. Besides being a merchant, merchants are conducting missionary activities in the areas visited.Some of them do not perform missionary activities but has provided service to the missionaries boarded their ships for propagating from one port to another. Quickly this way Islam spread in the Malay world. Malacca has become an Islamic state as a result of trading activities. After Melaka become an Islamic state, missionary activities were extended to Java and Brunei in the same way. Finally, the two countries in accordance with the measure of Malacca. 2) Islamic eBooks factors spread of Islam in the Malay world also comes from the superiority of Islam. Among them is the simplicity, purity, and sanctity of Islam, which is rooted to a single deity and equality among fellow Muslims, not as practiced by Hindu devotees who worship the Malays before the gods and deities as well mangamalkan caste system. Members Modern sociologists explain that pro-Islamic sentiments among Muslims deep in this area, especially in urban areas is strongly influenced by the anti caste system. The lower classes of society to realize that they do not have the position in the system of the old society. Conversion to Islam is an effective way to free them from the shackles of caste. Islamic teachings that emphasize equality among humans has become a key factor in the conversion. Indeed followed caste systems as practiced in India, but it is not true at all if it is considered that there is no difference in quality among the Hindu community digugusan Malay archipelago at that time. 3) Marriage Many merchants who came to the Malay world is the rich. Some have a close relationship with local dignitaries. With wealth, they managed to convince local women to be wives. In fact, there is a merchant who could marry the daughters of chiefs, particularly among children at the time of the Malacca Sultanate. Family relationships have facilitated the merchants directly preach Islam with their own kin. Marriage was also at least be able to attract local chiefs to accept Islam. Normally, when the chiefs accepted Islam then will be followed the next lower class or people en masse. As a result it increased the number of people who profess the religion of Islam. Agama Islam also spread through the marriage of the king of a country with a princess from another country. This process is usually called a wedding personality. This measure has helped the spread of Islam to the country. For instance Pasai princess wedding with Megat Iskandar Shah cause spread of Islam in Pasai to Malacca. Likewise, child marriage with the son of the daughter of the king of Malacca, Pahang and Kedah which eventually led to both a Muslim state then. 4) Government Islamization Islamization government is one of the factors for the development of Islam in the Malay world. An example is in Malacca, when the king of Malacca Parameswara converted to Islam many followers pengukut and people who converted to Islam. When rulers converted to Islam, changed their names and dubbed as Sultan. In the process of Islamization ruling merchants serving as missionaries. Merchants not only trade but also to spread Islam. Merchants often consists of people who are rich. and to attract the government with the wealth they have. 5) Racing Spread Islam And Christianity bertanggumgjawab Another factor for the spread of Islam in the region because of the race spread of Islam and Christianity, especially in the 15th century and into the -16 is considered as a result of the Crusades. Since the Iberian peninsula was conquered by Islamic forces in 732 M continues to battle the Crusaders and then in the 15th century left a deep impact and in the writings of Western Orientalists often narrow-said, shrunk the role of Islam in addition to efforts to undermine religion Islam. This competition is one reason Islam has grown rapidly among the people of the Malay Archipelago. 6) Conquest Conquest is just as important a factor driving the spread of Islam in the Archipelago. What that means is that the conquest carried out by an Islamic state on the territory. If the district has not been captured by the Islamic conquest of the nobles will be influenced by Islam for political motives, the economy and so on. If the district had captured the dangan Islamic conquest, Islam can be developed more effectively. Pasai as described in Ibn Batuta entry has expanded its political power to the surrounding area with the last war to spread Islam in the region. Malacca at the time of power Treasurer Tun Perak managed to conquer several regions in Malaya and Sumatra such as Pahang, Terengganu, Farmer, Kampar, Inderangiri, Rokan, Siak, Johor, Bangkalis and other host of others. Thus Islam could have easily spread in areas such dependencies. Government of Aceh is a Muslim empire spread over the 16th and 17th centuries in Southeast Asia, which has extensive colonies in Sumatra and Malaya could have easily spread Islam also tajahannya's land area. There are indeed written in the history of Aceh Aceh that the government has sent missionaries of Islam to the region of their colonies in Java. Demak Muslim governments also have conquered the regions ruled by the Hindu kingdoms. For example, the Hindu Majapahit kingdom was defeated and made a dependent colony. In this way the Majapahit turned into an Islamic state. 7) Literature Literature has also become an important channel for the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia. With the advent of Islam, the people in the Malay language as the main means of transportation. Having one of these languages, activities to spread Islam to be more easily and smoothly. Islam has also introduced Jawi. This facilitates the scholars and preachers teach about knowledge related to Islam because they can control the Jawi script. During the times of the greatness of Malacca and Aceh, Malay was made the medium of their education system. Various forms of Arabic literature such as poetry and couplets distinction of Malay influence. As a result of literature, Islamic literature has been developed by Malay and will certainly further expand the understanding of the Malay people against the teachings of Islam. Employees and several prominent local and foreign scholars have produced works of Islamic whether in original or translations and plating. The bulk of the work as the Prophet Shaving Tale, The Tale of King Trench, Hikayat Amir Hamzah and others are favored by the Malays.These works contain a variety of elements that can be closer to understanding pembacannya to Islam itself. Islamic literature is rapidly expanding in Aceh to produce many leaders like Hamza Fansuri satera and Nuruddin al-Raniri who successfully authored a wide range of religious texts. These books are then distributed throughout the colonies, and it will certainly help in the spread of Islam in the Malay world or archipelago. 8) The role of Sufi Tsawuf and dissemination activities Isalm dikebangkan by members of Sufism and Sufi. Members of Sufism da sufu is powerful Islamic clerics do. Both of these groups have shown a good example of Islam itself. They were dressed in clean, courteous Satun and bertatatertip up behavior and their spoken public persona. Malacca At times, this group was also given a high honor by the government because of Bija in our words. Advice heard by sultans and princes par. At the time of the Sultanate of Aceh, the newborn was given a key role in the administration. During the administration of Iskandar Muda, a total of 22 scholars (of Sufism) has been a member of the House Gadang become a center for discussing problems and religious problems pemarintahan country. Among them were Hamzah Fansuri and Nuruddin al-Raniri. They have made a significant contribution to Aceh dalah activities as the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia. Meanwhile at the time of the Islamic government Demak, golonhan is known as the Wali Songo. They play an important role in the spread of Islam in Java. Figures Sunan Ampel, Sunan Bonang and Sunan Gunung Jati is no stranger in the history of the influence of Islam in Java and beyond. Conclusions Islam has influenced most of the inhabitants of the Malay although Hinduism early foothold in the region. Islam has brought high civilization and iden-equipped to cover all aspects of life. Basic foundation of Islamic civilization spread across the archipelago since the beginning of the 15th century has become the life of the Malays until now.
Ustaz Abd Aziz bin Harjin Lecturer in Islamic Civilisation Universiti Teknologi MARA 02600 Arau Perlis Perlis MALAYSIA P: 04-9882701 H: 013-4006206 E: abdazizharjin@perlis.uitm.edu.my W: abdazizharjin.blogspot.com
No comments:
Post a Comment